Free lessons below, with in-depth references, provide an introduction to the Cascadia Floristic Region’s history – the coast lands to the west of the Cascade Crest from San Francisco Bay to the Aleutians. (Cascadia is a sub-region of the Rocky Mountain Floristic Region and the latter’s unique species, are noted “RM”). (Plants, like early inhabitants, did/do not recognize political boundaries). On-line lessons contain elementary, secondary and college level questions (answers found in the prose, photos, or URLs respectively). The structure is (CPA) NASBA’s, self-teaching students of all ages. Crowdsourcing feedback and assistance are always appreciated.
Select a State or Province
Washington Oregon Utah British Columbia
California Alberta Idaho Wyoming
Colorado Montana Alaska New Mexico
All, as plants don’t recognize political boundaries
The Years before Humans Arrived
The Asteroid Bennu
50/50 there is/was a God
Heart Touches vs. Beliefs
Words’ Impact on Ideologies
The World’s 6 Great Extinctions
Humanoids & Homo Sapiens
mDNA, who was African Eve?
The Americas’ Ethnobotanical Setting
An Ecological History to then Unfold
Distant Past’s Artifacts, Relics & Legends
Homo Sapiens in the Americas
Then & now, a Search to Live Fully Realized Lives
History Starts with Food & Shelter
The West, Hidden by the Ocean’s Currents
Rising Shorelines
Quileute, Quinault, or Hoh: Stone Age Peoples
Stone Age to the Use of Metals
Ethnobotanicals
Salmon and Wildlife
Camas & Wapato, but no Potatoes
The 3 Sisters & Potato
Underwater History
PNW Indian “Tribes”
So Many Languages
Early Native American Conflicts
Early Plagues
Tsunamis & Shoalwater Bay’s Willapa
Population Estimates
Explorers, Exploiters & the Fur Trade
The then Unknown
Search for Longitude & Latitude
Spanish, & Japanese Iron, the Quinault
Hispanics
the Spanish at Nootka Bay
Chinese
Russians
Otter
Portuguese
North West America
Artifact Spanish Coin
the English
Beaver Treaties
Welsh
North West Company
Lewis & Clark
Hudson’s Bay Company
Hawaiians
French Canadians & Metis
Scots
Territories, Reservations, Treaties & Mining
Mining
Pig War
Pioneer Blockhouses
The Kake & Isaac Ebey
Nisqually
Fox Island
Treaties
Swinomish Middens
Extinctions, the Cayuse
Pilchuck, Snohomish (Tulalip)
Makah & Norse Longhouses
Yakama & Sami Tepees
The Chinook & Clatsop
Colville
Haida
Nuu-chah-nulth & First Nations’ Fears
Chimakum, Snoqualmie & Duwamish
Elimination of Tribes
Elimination of Forest Groves
Elimination of Forest Glades
Farms, the Homestead Act, & the Pioneer Flood
Land Claims before the Homestead Act
Cascadia History vs. Wild Far West’s
Norwegians
Irish
Romani
Italian Miners
African Americans
Japanese
English Logging
No More Giants
Swedes
Imported Feuds – H&H
Brick Streets
Root Cellars
Danish Haubarg
Relic Rescues
Dutch
Ukrainians
Germans
English Remittancemen
Armenians
Early Wives
Icelandic
Finnish Sauna
Polish Immigrants
Town of Pilchuck
Chinese Exclusion Act
Freeborn Village
The Big Burn
Property Taxes
Provincial & State Paths & Constitutions
Model Ts
Ku Klux Klan
Basic Utilities
Currencies
A Treaty Topic Neglected
Pilchuck Glass School
Ancient History: Boys in a Boat
Once Grey Hills
Abandoned Dreams
Nootka Island Today
Monocultures
A Sea of Clones
Our Careless Generation
A Chance to Rewild the West
Railways, Roads, Planes & Depressions
Transportation & Communication Redefined
WashingTons of Topsoil
Biodiversity’s First Enemies
No ReBar
Mosquito Fleet
Railroads & Land Use
Milltown
Gravel to Asphalt Roads
Parks – the West’s Best Idea, Schools & Churches
Magic of Public Parks
Land Use
Tree Huggers
McMurray Fir
Mining/Other Wastes
Sequoias
Restoring Salmon and Wildlife
Extreme Heat
Lowering West Wind Temperatures
Rewild the West
The Role of Biodiversity
Education & the US Constitution
Sisters of Providence
Conflicts of Interest
Including those Religious
Making/Selling Products/Services for Profit
Industry & Commerce Redefined
Challenges Post 1945
Climate Change
Fungi & Plagues
Plasticis in Lakes
Plutonium
Herbicides
It Happened on Our Watch, post 1940
Questions for the Older Generation
Cultural Diversity’s Lens to a Wistful Future
Change Land Use Focus Forever
Re-task Use of Western Public Lands
Selective, no Clear-cutting of Forests
Cease Livestock Grazing on Public Lands
Public Land-use like a Cancer
Meet Threats to Mankind’s Existence
Question Going Forward
Beacon of Light?
Biodiverse Corridors
Biodiversity’s Friends
Guerilla Planting
Water, The Need for
When the State is Wrong
Rowing in the Same Direction
Who Speaks for the Younger Generation
Thanking John Hauberg
Thinking of Dietrich & Sophie
in Bonhoeffer’s Name